During lunch a group of computer science majors were discussing their choice of field. the tendency to favor one's own group quizlet the tendency to favor one's own group quizlet. "Us"people with whom we share a common identity. Today, many nations have equality clearly articulated in their constitutions. Experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar. A confirmation bias is cognitive bias that favors information that confirms your previously existing beliefs or biases. A tendency to favor one's own group is called: been more racially prejudiced than others. How often do you hear people criticizing groups without knowing anything about them? . Situational (External) Attribution Theory. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Social psychology, Positive illusions, Self-serving bias and more. For example, the interviewer might hold a negative view of women and, without even realizing it, act distant and withdrawn while interviewing the female candidate. Three pathways by which self-concept can shape how we communicate are self-esteem, self-monitoring, and Multiple Choice self-serving bias. Examined the impact of social roles and authority on behavior with his famous Stanford Prison experiment. People have always and still do openly dehumanize outgroup members and harbor hostile attitudes toward them. When it comes time to categorize ice cream as good or bad, you may still categorize it as good, but you will likely be a little slowerperhaps even fractions of a second slower-- in arriving at this judgment. The difference is that we categories ourselves, as self-categorization theory points out (Turner, 1975). How can people learn to get along with people who seem different from them? d. oxytocin. d. Catharsis. Consequently, the girls in his class become apprehensive when preparing and giving speeches in his class. Rumination refers to the tendency to repetitively think about the causes, situational factors, and consequences of one's negative emotional experience (Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991). a personality that is disposed to favor obedience to authority and intolerance of outgroups and those lower in status . "teachers" were deceived and frequently subjected to severe stress. d. encouraging them to engage in more thoughtful moral reasoning. Women are in poverty and are uneducated more. the tendency to favor our own group. This finding is consistent with the theory that some countries, like the U.S., emphasize an individualistic self-concept. An allocator divides a large sum of money among three groups of around 20 recipients each and also to themselves. D) the belief that victims of misfortune deserve their fate. Conserves physiological arousal and excitement. Model: Je vais visiter\ldots Je vais voir\ldots Je vais (faire)\ldots, Search words: myswitzerland.com: une histoire d'eau b. Conformity Social Sciences. Sun Microsystems uses the accrual basis of accounting and recognizes revenue at the time it sells goods or renders services. B) self-serving bias. 30. This best illustrates: c. They have relatively low levels of serotonin and low levels of testosterone. In fact, this finding generally holds regardless of whether ones group is measured according race, age, religion, nationality, and even temporary, insignificant memberships. Although research has shown that people higher in SDO are more likely to be politically conservative, there are other traits that more strongly predict ones SDO. the tendency to favor one's own group quizlet. believing in the superiority of one's own ethnic and cultural group, and having a corresponding disdain for all other groups . Consider the utility maximization problem, maxxa+ysubjecttopx+y=m\max x^a+y \quad \text { subject to } p x+y=m hide 31 types. The principle that frustrationthe blocking of an attempt to achieve some goalcreates anger, which can generate aggression. We identify o we compare ingroup bias o tendency to. Ingroup bias is the tendency to favor and support individuals who belong to groups we identify with. (2020). In-group favoritism, sometimes known as in-group-out-group bias, in-group bias, intergroup bias, or in-group preference, is a pattern of favoring members of one's in-group over out-group members. This is an example of: Elena's boss fires her because he is downsizing his company. c. romantic love This is how the IAT works: measuring tiny differences in the time it takes you to make judgments. . We might feel affinity toward people from our home town, a connection with those who attend our university, or commiserate with the experience of people who share our gender identity, religion, or ethnicity. What causes a gain or loss on the sale of a bond investment? For example, a job interviewer might have two qualified applicants; a man and a woman. Groups give us a sense of social identity: a sense of belonging to the social world. to have power or mastery over. The process of pursuing our full potential is what he called the actualizing tendency. (Mob Mentality), The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group. Psychology. Iceland, for example, guarantees legal equality between men and women. Because the attributes of group categories can be either good or bad, we tend to favor the groups with people like us and incidentally disfavor the others. . Despite its name, though, RWA is not necessarily limited to people on the right (conservatives). After Manny's father refused to let him use the family car on Friday night, Manny let all the air out of the tires. This statement best reflects the: Victoria is a fifth grader in Carson Elementary School. a. human aggression is an unlearned instinct. Next, categorization can also lead to prejudice. maxxa+ysubjecttopx+y=m. Hanna overcriticizes him for minor errors. Prejudice. Mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive. An understood rule for accepted and expected behavior. 97 terms. For example, if you were asked to categorize ice cream as good or bad, you might quickly categorize it as good. Right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) is an ideology that emphasizes conformity or obedience to authority (Altemeyer, 1988). They have relatively low levels of serotonin and high levels of testosterone. c. animals can be bred for aggressiveness. Notably, the combination of high RWA and high SDO predicts joining hate groups that openly endorse aggression against minority groups, immigrants, homosexuals, and believers in non-dominant religions (Altemeyer, 2004). Instead, it measures how quickly people make judgments about the goodness or badness of various groups. When people would like a certain idea or concept to be true, they end up believing it to be true. The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them. In the abstract these mental maps can help us understand how to interact with new people based on educated guesses about their category. Brewer, M. B., & Brown, R. J. One explanation is that historical biases were widespread and institutionalized. The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next. Such a reaction will be ambiguous to both parties and difficult to interpret. This way of perceiving and making . c. hindsight bias. nearness; the greater the exposure one has to another person, the more one generally comes to like that person. b. conformity an unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members. Even ordinary people, without any particular hostility, can become agents in a destructive process. a. Here are some more examples that are actually prejudice, watch what you say! (tn dn si) n., pl. They have relatively high levels of serotonin and low levels of testosterone. Tendency to favor one's own ethnic group over other ethnic groups. Here, it is because this outgroup member brings in values or beliefs that the person high in RWA disagrees with, thus threatening the collective values of his or her group. b. egocentrism.c. lowering the value of ones house; fewer openings in the school; etc.). B) Having the belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group. Also called the cross-race effct and the own-race . 1. These four kinds of stereotypes and their associated emotional prejudices (see Figure 2) occur all over the world and apply to each societys own groups. e. Essentialism. This means, potentially, that there is left-wing authoritarianism that promotes conventional progressive values and seeks to silence dissenting voices (Manson, 2020). a. The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable. Understandably, people from the first list of groups tends to score higher on SDO, while those from the second group tend to score lower. Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. C., & Glick, P. (2007). As a result, the White person may give a good excuse to avoid such awkward situations. Measured cognitive dissonance by paying participants to $1 or $20 to lie about the enjoyment of a dull task. Another case in which people judge other members of the ingroup very negatively occurs when a member of one's own group behaves in a . Influence (conforming) resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality. Most people also identify as members of certain groups but not others. School California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Course Title PSYC 3500; Uploaded By staceymartinez1224. One student admitted that he had once considered becoming an accountant but decided against it because "accountants are all boring number crunchers without an ounce of creativity." Then create a word search puzzle using the sentences-without the word as clues. They are Canadian, or fans of Manchester United, or are doctors. Common stereotypes of people from all sorts of categories and occupations turn out to classify them along these two dimensions (see Figure 1). Identities are not so simple, but maybe as the 21st century unfurls, we will recognize each other by the content of our individual character instead of against the backdrop of stereotypes. The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through group discussion is called, Nora, Ko, Ian, and May each think that Ms. Akey may be a slightly better teacher than Mr. Schwenke. QUESTION 23 The tendency to apply one's own cultural values in judging the behavior and beliefs of people raised in other cultures is known as cultural relativism cultural universalism ethnocentrism egocentrism QUESTION 24 Foraging societies practice what . For example, researchers have found that those who score higher on SDO are usually lower than average on tolerance, empathy, altruism, and community orientation. People who score higher on the scale show more ingroup favoritism in comparison with those who score lower on it (Stangor & Thompson, 2002). On your way to school one day, ask yourself how many types of vehicles breeze down Main St U.S.A., on the average? The groups are supporters of two rival political movements in Thailand and politically neutral subjects. In the context of psychology, this scenario illustrates ________. In the context of the relationship between religion and racial prejudice, if one defines religiousness as church membership, then the more religious people have ________. It's awful what the human race can do, even with the way we . Peoples identities are multifaceted, intersecting across gender, race, class, age, region, and more. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like True or false: Prejudice definitions can include positive or negative judgments., Prejudice is having a negative attitude toward groups or individuals, whereas _____ is when those attitudes turn into behaviors toward the group or individual., In the context of the world, every race is a: and more. social class, family, football team etc.) Understand biases such as social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism. People are generally faster at pairing their own group with good categories. Female 2: I can be hard to figure out Male 2: and I like my privacy. Only when research participants were informed that a woman was raped did they perceive the woman's behavior as inviting rape. just-world phenomenon Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The jury . d. neural influences contribute to aggressive behavior in men but not in women. The tendency to recall faces of one's own face more accurately than faces of other races. Employees were reimbursed when they presented petty cash vouchers to the petty cash custodian. Prejudice generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action, a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people, unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members, Uspeople with whom we share a common identity, Themthose perceived as different or apart from our ingroup, the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame, the tendency to recall faces of ones own race more accurately than faces of other races.
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