list of nj sundown towns

But the photo does not show a sundown . One Black hiker named Marco Williams described an unsettling experience at a rest stop that he visited in Kentucky in June 2020. As a Township. As Caldwell Township. I've also lived and been to a lot of these cities, they're not sundown towns one bit. In the memo, the NAACP also mentioned that Blacks in the state are 75% more likely to be stopped and searched based on skin color. In Duluth, Minnesota, three Black circus performers were kidnapped from a local jail by a white mob, beaten on the street, and hanged from a telephone pole in 1920. Maybe something like being void if no one is cited under it for 20 years? e. Sundown towns, also known as sunset towns, gray towns, or sundowner towns, are all- white municipalities or neighborhoods in the United States that practice a form of racial segregation by excluding non-whites via some combination of discriminatory local laws, intimidation or violence. Other spots in Illinois with reputations as sundown towns or of racial . The show based on a novel by the same name focused . As Verona Township. Location: New Jersey [This list is a work in progress. roseau county delinquent tax list; noonie jailbirds instagram. That's the problem. He has also worked at iHeartRadio in New York City. As North Plainfield Township. HBOA still from HBOs horror drama TV series Lovecraft Country. Renamed Cherry Hill in 1961. Reincorporated as a City in 1866. Top 10 biggest cities by population are Newark, Jersey City, Paterson, Elizabeth, Edison, Woodbridge Township, Lakewood Township, Toms River, Hamilton Township, and Trenton while ten oldest cities are Newark, Hackensack, Saddle Brook, Perth Amboy, Hanover Township, Alloway Township, Lower Alloways Creek Township, Hillsborough Township, New . Renamed Roosevelt in 1945. After the Civil War and the abolition of slavery in the United States, many white lawmakers in the South began to pass discriminatory policies that denied countless rights to African Americans. The Negro Motorist Green Book, 1940, Victor Hugo Green. Vienna would almost certainly fall into that category. Top 10 biggest cities by population are Newark, Jersey City, Paterson, Elizabeth, Edison, Woodbridge Township, Lakewood Township, Toms River, Hamilton Township, and Trenton while ten oldest cities are Newark, Hackensack, Saddle Brook, Perth Amboy, Hanover Township, Alloway Township, Lower Alloways Creek Township, Hillsborough Township, New Brunswick, and Burlington. She will release "In Living Color: A Cultural History" on Rowman & Littlefield Press in April 2022, and "The Golden Girls: A Cultural History" on Rowman & Littlefield Press in October 2022. 'Dilbert' Comic Creator Calls Black People A 'Hate Group,' Urges Segregation So Whites Can 'Escape', Bernie Mac Show Star Camille Winbush Is Not Ashamed Of Joining OnlyFans, Kyle Rittenhouse Faces 2nd Civil Lawsuit, Continues To Beg For Money From His Supporters, Ben Stein's 'Aunt Jemima' Rant Is A Master Class On White Privilege, Why Did tWitch Kill Himself? Select a state from the map below to view a list of sundown towns, James W. Loewen, sociologist, historian, citizen.Telling the truth about the past helps cause justice in the present.Achieving justice in the present helps us tell the truth about the past.. One of the biggest misconceptions about American history is that the South (including any state that once belonged to the Confederacy) was completely backward and racist, and the North (often called The Union during the Civil War) welcomed all races, colors, and creeds. By the end of the Reconstruction era, sundown towns had popped up all over the country, particularly in the Midwest. Dexter sees hope in the dozens of former sundown towns that have held racial justice protests, from the infamous Illinois sundown town of Anna to Hopewell, Michigan, once home to a powerful Ku Klux Klan leader, which Black Detroit residents have long avoided. Do you find this information helpful? Renamed Hazlet in 1967. Maybe you could name the towns not on the list. Few years ago me and some friends were passing through some small Mississippi town. Loewen's book, "Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism," was first published in 2006, but he continues to investigate and identify former sundown towns today with the help of volunteers. The book served as a written survival guide for aspiring Black travelers looking to enjoy the open road and included a list of restaurants, hotels, stores, and other businesses that would welcome them. list of nj sundown towns. The book "Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism," written by sociologist James W. Loewen, was originally published in 2005. Its even in the predominantly black cities to an extent. There were thousands of these sundown communities and most of them were predominant in the Midwest, in the West, and in the North, she said. Below is a chart which lists all cities in New Jersey with KKK organizations from 1915-1940. This article is an opinion based on facts and is meant as infotainment. As West Paterson Borough. Sundown communities in the North, Midwest, and West may not have had offensive signs warning Black men and women to stay out, but they were just as apt to enforce these rules with brutal violence. Renamed Scotch Plains in 1917. A " sundown town " or "grey town" refers to a community that set rules intended to keep Black people from living there. As Hohokus Township. As Upper Penns Neck Township. Ep 4834/Seg 2 Aired: 08/28/20 During the brutal Red Summer of 1919, an armed white mob in Corbin, Kentucky, rounded up some 300 Black men, women, and children and violently forced them onto rail cars headed for other towns. For more information, see Sundown town and List of expulsions of African Americans. Renamed Barnegat in 1977. City planners and real estate companies also used their power to make sure white communities remained white. No, it's not off the list. You can find him on Instagram and Twitter. Renamed Logan in 1878. The site shows the sheer number of possible sundown towns in every state in the union. As Washington Township. Renamed Barnegat Light in 1948. He remembers Martinsville, Indiana as an unfriendly place. A small donation would help us keep this available to all. And a lot of them were outside the South. Renamed Sussex in 1902. Loewen, James W. Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism. Renamed Mahwah in 1944. Although it is difficult to make an accurate count, historians estimate there were up to 10,000 sundown towns in the United States between 1890 and 1960, mostly in the Mid-West and West. As a Township. Renamed Edison in 1954. Copyright 2023 Interactive One, LLC. It was not uncommon for Black motorists passing through these communities to be followed by police or local residents to the city limits. As Union Township. That story is absolutely terrifying! No sundown towns listed for Washington State. As Delaware Township. Eventually they let us go but, told us we had to leave or we'd be held in county. These 'sundown towns' were places where, black Americans . Bills GM Joins NFL Doctors Optimism, , or grey towns, were all-white neighborhoods, An Act To Prevent Disorders In The Night., the NAACP issued a travel advisory warning, warning was issued in 2020 for San Antonio. These were towns across the United States where black Americans knew they weren't welcome after dark. The only safe places in Kentucky that they cant reach you are bowling green, Louisville and Owensboro. Pomona isn't on there, but Cherry Hill, New Jersey, where my father used to live, is. The ever-growing list of sundown towns became so long that a Black travel writer named Victor Green penned The Negro Motorist Green Book in response. Faulkner Act (mayorcounciladministrator), List of census-designated places in New Jersey, "These N.J. communities saw explosive growth in the last decade. It has an active KKK chapter. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Ashby is just one of dozens of Massachusetts municipalities, from Saugus to Sudbury to South Hadley, that he's identified as having once . As Long Beach City Borough. They called it Sundown Towns, and if you were not white, you were not safe and could have ended up dead. The page also features lists of sundown towns by state. Image by Wong Maye-E/AP Photo. As South Belmar Borough. 23. This category has only the following subcategory. As a Borough. The term arose in the 20th century when towns would allow Black people to work in an area but not reside there. Specifically, we analyzed research out of Virginia Commonwealth University that mapped the Klans in each area and gave a history of their recruitment from 1915-1940. Yes, I looked up names, found them in the area south of Decator and east of Rte 70 to the IN line. There are two climatic conditions in the state. Archaeologists Just Uncovered How The City That Inspired The Biblical Sodom Was Destroyed, Inside Jimmy Carter's UFO Sighting In Georgia Just A Few Years Before He Became President, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. The original map on the website let users navigate to a list of towns by state, but did not visually communicate the full extent of the data across the entire country. Atlantic Highlands borough. Know of a town that should be on this list? Vidor is a small town between Beaumont and the Louisiana border that we will not stop in. If they don't exist, and you have proof, scratch one off the list. Wikimedia CommonsThe Negro Motorist Green Book was developed specifically for helping Black people find a list of places where theyd be welcome in the 1930s because so many sundown towns existed in the U.S. at that time. A simple Wikipedia search of "sundown towns in California" reveals that there are 6 cities listed namely Burbank, Culver City, Glendale, Hawthorne, Hemet, and Taft. Advertisement. I swear they were looking for reasons to murder us. This is a listing of the 565 municipalities in New Jersey arranged by county, (previous to 2013 Princeton Boro and Princeton Township were separate municipalities and the total number was 566). Woouldn't surprise me if it still had one. It's by no means a complete list, but this map of sundown towns is perhaps the most accurate picture of their overwhelming presence. Why do you focus on LA suburbs? For a time, Cullman and Arab were considered sundown towns. Follow @blogzworth Racial exclusion in sundown towns was also achieved with violence. As Delford Borough. BlackPast.org is a 501(c)(3) non-profit and our EIN is 26-1625373. !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)? Renamed Carneys Point in 1976. It is an entire community (or even county) that for decades was all white on purpose. According to the 2020 United States Census, New Jersey is the 11th most populous state with 9,288,994 inhabitants but the 5th smallest by land area spanning 7,354.76 square miles (19,048.7km2). The term "sundown town" is familiar to many African Americans. Other times, they passed exclusionary laws to make these areas less appealing to African Americans. Trenton, the state's capital, ranks 6th in terms of population. The show based on a novel by the same name focused on a Black man and woman traveling through Jim Crow America in an attempt to reconnect with the mans missing parent. The term meant that if . Walmart rank: 36th. Scattered throughout the Midwest, New England, and California, these towns usually allowed Black people to pass through during the day, especially if they were there to work. For more New Jersey reading , check out: These Are The 10 Worst Places To Live In New Jersey We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. While few former sundown towns would describe themselves as such today, many of them remain largely white. This allowed maids and workmen to provide unskilled labor during the day. In his book, Loewen profiles three Indiana towns; Elwood, Huntington and Martinsville. In a TikTok video, he explained that everybody he knew in Texas told him, Do not go to Vidor. But he had a load to deliver the next morning so he chugged through. This time period would eventually become known as the Jim Crow era. The number of active members of the KKK is much smaller these days. Today, it's a thriving bedroom community with all shapes,sizes, & colors. Many of the people who relocated were hoping for a better life elsewhere in the United States. As Ship Bottom-Beach Arlington Borough. Renamed Woodcliff Lake in 1910. Its real strange and weird out here sometimes, said Nicholas Lewis, a Black resident of Vienna, Illinois. As Fanwood Township. All Rights Reserved. Do you live in one of the most racist cities in New Jersey? After just one Black family moved into an apartment there in 1951, a mob of 4,000 white people attacked the entire building. I stated a fact. In 1844, Oregon just banned Blacks from the state altogether. Also note: some towns are * 'd. They are not suspected sundown towns but are listed for other . When you click through real estate links on our site, we earn an affiliate commission. As a Borough. especially when I actually know someone who grew up in one of the towns on that list in the 1950s, one of her best friends is Black and grew up next door to her. Audubon Park borough. Sundown towns re-entered the spotlight again in 2020 thanks to the HBO series Lovecraft Country. In the 1940s, Edmond, Oklahoma promoted itself on postcards with the slogan, A Good Place to LiveNo Negroes. The town of Mena, Arkansas advertised its many charms: Cool Summers, Mild Winters, No Blizzards, No Negroes. In other cases, the policy was enforced through less formal norms and sanctions. James Loewen, a sociologist who taught at the University of Vermont, discovered thousands of sundown towns throughout the United States, including New England. As Saddle River Township. Renamed Lake Como in 2005. There are a total of 591 towns and cities in the state of New Jersey. The older the town, the more legal debris they've probably accumulated. When you're looking at the places in New Jersey with the highest number of KKK Klaverns per capita back in the day, this is an accurate list. As Upper Alloways Creek Township. As Union Township. Renamed Mount Holly in 1931. Reincorporated as a City in 1912. Renamed and reincorporated as Long Branch City in 1903. However, many African Americans also began to leave the South on their own. Most African-American-owned buildings and residences in northern Ocoee were burned to the ground. ' The young hiker continued, I dont think she was being racist toward me. So most people assume it was the South that was the problem, but that really wasnt the case.. 22. Sundown towns, also known as sunset towns, gray towns, or sundowner towns, are all-white municipalities or neighborhoods in the United States that practice a form of racial segregation by excluding non-whites via some combination of discriminatory local laws, intimidation, and . In his book Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of Racism, historian James Loewen describes the ways many American cities and towns have excluded people of color through violence, threats, formal policies, and informal . But while they were on the road, these travelers learned very quickly that they needed to avoid sundown towns at all costs. Around the same time, sundown towns also began to take hold but not just in the South. The book ' Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism' by James . Time Periods: 20th Century. Also there's a military base nearby. Reincorporated as a City in 1869. Renamed Oradell in 1920. Reincorporated as a City in 1851. Cities and Towns in Monmouth County, New Jersey, Cities and Towns in Middlesex County, New Jersey, Cities and Towns in Mercer County, New Jersey, Cities and Towns in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, Cities and Towns in Hudson County, New Jersey, Cities and Towns in Essex County, New Jersey, Cities and Towns in Morris County, New Jersey, Cities and Towns in Ocean County, New Jersey, Cities and Towns in Passaic County, New Jersey, Cities and Towns in Salem County, New Jersey, Cities and Towns in Somerset County, New Jersey, Cities and Towns in Sussex County, New Jersey. Lol as a Philly resident i can assure u most of PA might as well be considered North Alabama. The sooner they can be declared null and void, then sent to town or state archives, the better. Renamed Edgewater in 1899. And I'm saying that list is. Meaning, the number of racist members of the community has historically been the highest, according to the math. As Atlantic Township. The moon shines through clouds along a highway in New Columbia, Ill., near Vienna, Ill., on . Renamed Robbinsville in 2008. This is a sundown town. Candace Taylor, an author who spent an entire summer exploring The Negro Travelers Green Book believes these towns are still around and are just tucked away from the mainstream consciousness. Even Coca-Cola machines had White Customers Only printed on them. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. This has a more extensive list of towns that are or were sundown towns. I guess the internets fills the void these days. Renamed Colts Neck in 1962. As a Borough. The term came from signs posted that "colored people . The name derives from the posted and verbal warnings issued to Blacks that although they might be allowed to work or travel in a community . As Deckertown Borough. But sociologist James Loewen once estimated that there were as many as 10,000 sundown towns across the country at their peak in 1970. Some of these places may be counties or neighborhoods rather than towns. This shit isnt that old. The first thing you need to know about sundown towns, and what Lovecraft Country gets right, is its not a Southern phenomenon, Loewen said. Which means you impacted the election in ways you never imagined. 'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.async=true;js.src=p+'://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js';fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document, 'script', 'twitter-wjs'); Your donation is fully tax-deductible. At least it was before the mayfield tornado destroyed it. Bernadette Giacomazzo is a NYC-based editor, writer, photographer, and publicist with a career spanning more than two decades in the entertainment industry. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9,025 persons (23.2%). The current headquarters for the klan is in Dawson springs. The law made it a crime for any person of color to be out of their home after 9 oclock. Avenel. In his book, Loewen profiles three Indiana towns; Elwood, Huntington and Martinsville. To further illustrate this phenomenon, Loewen joined forces with students at Tougaloo College to put together an interactive map of known sundown towns in the United States. Dern tootin', Washington! Renamed Nutley in 1902. As Raritan Township. On the map, a swath of red, indicating much more racist than average, covers all of southern New . Reincorporated as a Borough in 1898. But even though sundown towns are not as mainstream as they were at the start of the 19th century, they still very much exist. The lynching of two Black teenagers in Marion, Indiana, in 1930, for instance, resulted in the towns 200 Black residents moving away never to return. Sundown towns, or grey towns, were all-white neighborhoods in the United States that used discriminatory local laws, intimidation, or violence to keep their town all-white. Give them the option of reaffirming it (essentially passing it again) if they still want it. The 1865-1870s movement sought to overthrow Republican state governments. I saw that OH's sundown towns are not south but center, nearer to IN, KY, PA along major interstates. Your service title Give us a brief description of the service that you are promoting. What did you do when you were able to get to a safe space? In "Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism," sociologist James Loewen wrote about the . Reincorporated as a Borough in 1919. Historians have found that most sundown towns deliberately hid the means by which they became and remained all-white. Try keep it short so that it is easy for people to scan your page. Dont freak out. Barclay-Kingston. Jersey City doesn't trail far behind with its population of 264,290 people. There were a total of 32 cities with at least 1 Klavern in New Jersey during the time period of reference. Racist Ex-University Of Kentucky 'Karen' Sophia Rosing Is Charged For Assaulting Black Student, Mississippi Cops Beat, Waterboarded Handcuffed Black Men, Shot 1 For Dating White Women': Lawyers. The horror is really only the last five minutes (At lead in the first episode). You can not kill an idea. I looked over the locations in Ohio when the thread about the close polls came up, just to see if Trumpers were located mostly in the southern end of the state. Renamed Aberdeen in 1977. Renamed Harrison in 1845. Renamed Berkeley Heights in 1951. As West Woolwich Township. An article from Magic 95.5 in Ohio also uncovered details of several sundown towns in their state and the history behind them. window.addEventListener( 'loadOrInteraction', function() { We use data, analytics, and a sense of humor to determine the dirt on places across the country. Also, make sure that descriptions of the town in state encyclopedias, Wikipedia, etc., acknowledge that it was a sundown town.]. One of the first recorded examples of sundown towns in America emerged during the colonial era. In extreme cases, hostility toward African Americans resulted in extrajudicial killing. The racial makeup of Culver City was 23,450 (60.3%) White,[54] 3,694 (9.5%) African American, 191 (0.5%) Native American, 5,742 (14.8%) Asian, 81 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 3,364 (8.7%) from other races, and 2,361 (6.1%) from two or more races. Answer (1 of 12): Vidor was a largely known area to be a racist area and is still very http://questionable.To say places like this no longer exist is very naive . https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sundown_towns_in_the_United_States_by_state, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sundown_town, https://www.propublica.org/article/a-sundown-town-sees-its-first-black-lives-matter-protest, Then in fairness, they must produce written town declarations, including all dates, of said alleged, Probably a good idea for every town to do some law and ordinance spring cleaning. In the 1980s my wife, a social worker, visited a nursing home on Sand Mountain, a large mountainous plateau in north Georgia that stretches westward into northeastern . I'm passing along information. Now that youve read all about sundown towns, take a look at Chicagos chilling history of racism. I distinctly remember the warning sign at the edge of town. As Beverly Township. Renamed Hampton in 1909. I thought the 1964 Civil Rights Act killed these off. 20072023 Blackpast.org. Sundown towns are not just places where something racist happened. At the Klans height, there were 35 active Kalverns in New Jersey. Elizabeth is New Jerseys fourth-largest city by population. Hate groups can be hard to measure, because typically, theres no record of where they exist. Also, institutionalized persons (in prisons, hospitals, colleges, etc. It was prepared by the New Jersey State Library to meet the needs of various people for a simple list that they . But America has a way of turning something as beautiful as the sun coming down, into a terrifying nightmare, especially for black travelers all over the country. Then, learn about the racist origins of Oregon. This amazes me. We wanted to get the facts straight and dug into the data in order to identify the most racist cities in New Jersey. Renamed Maple Shade in 1945. And would you happen to know if the town still has sundown ordinances on the books? Paul Schutzer/The LIFE Premium Collection/Getty Images. One of the few states that actually fill me with dread, and I live in Louisiana. The result is the following list of the most racist cities in the Garden State: Read on below to see how we crunched the numbers and how Waretown end up as the most racist place in New Jersey. The rise of sundown towns made it difficult and dangerous for Blacks to travel long distances by car. As Maidenhead Township. As Spicer Township. The most populous city is Newark, which has an estimated population of 281,944 in 2017. Suicide Note Revealed After Shocking Death, Indicted! They are. Renamed Cape May in 1869. But unfortunately, they often found that racism was still a major problem, even in the sophisticated urban cities of the North. RoadSnacks is reader-supported. Seriously - as of the early 2000s it was still considered a sundown town. But new lands were unpredictable and Blacks had no way of knowing if their migration would lead them to a sundown town. These are places my Facebook friend's friend lives near. That makes three crossed off the list, which probably existed before, I was really shocked to see some of the towns on list, Most if Southern Illinois was a Sundown area. It's directly south of Fort Worth, and it even had a warning sign at the city limits. Cops can get "creative" with old laws, and we don't need to give them the slightest opportunity to abuse people. Laws and policies that enforced racial exclusion have largely disappeared, but de facto sundown towns existed into the 1980s, and some may still be in evidence today. Disgusting and embarrassing in 2022 this shit still thrives. One Detroit's Will Glover spoke with bridge Detroit's Bryce Huffman about his report on the Detroit suburbs wrestling with the legacy of being sundown towns. "They're all over the place . The south, central, and northeast parts of the state have a humid subtropical climate, while the . As Madison Township. Most estimates total 3035 Blacks killed[1][2][3], although as many as 50 African Americans may have been killed during the massacre. Just click on a state to see an alphabetical list of all the sundown towns we know about, think may been sundown towns, and have managed to get up onto the site. But it was also the home of U.S. Sen. Everett Dirksen, whose support helped ensure the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. With the popularization of the automobile, Black drivers were eager to explore more of the United States and find the best place to settle down, or at least visit as a guest. Click the image of this Sundown Town sign to visit the website of James Loewen and his research on Sundown Towns across the country. African Americans who lingered in sundown towns even during the daytime experienced harassment, threats, arrest, and beatings. Below please see all New Jersey cities and towns which are listed in alphabetical order. The Midwest has the highest concentration of sundown towns in the U.S. The massacre has been described as the "single bloodiest day in modern American political history". I always knew I grew up in a pretty racist area, but I went through the list of TX sundown towns on this map and there were 10 within a 30 mile radius of my hometown. And he's definitely not a Ben Carson type. I don't want you to think that I'm downplaying the existence of sundown towns. All Rights Reserved. Dont let the sun set on you was something Ive seen at city limit signs twice. This list may not reflect recent changes. Paterson and Elizabeth make up the remaining cities in the state that have populations exceeding 100,000 residents. After Gideons truck was unloaded, another man told him he should get out of there as soon as possible and not stop until he got to Beaumont. Camden is the largest city in South Jersey. Franklin . As Franklin Township. As South Orange Township. Artwork by Brian Britigan. Sundown Towns are all-white communities, neighborhoods, or counties that exclude Blacks and other minorities through the use of discriminatory laws, harassment, and threats or use of violence. you couldn't catch me dead in a small Mississippi town as a black person :P glad nothing happened to you ): beyond the trauma of racism, You let him get away with that? I grew up/lived north of Marshall County and the rumor was that the Klan was alive and well there still to this day. Despite discussion of this connection (see especially Loewen 2005), research has yet to address the link For example, a sign that hung outside of Alix, Arkansas, once infamously warned: N****r, Dont Let The Sun Go Down On You In Alix. Two hours to the south in Mena, Arkansas a sign advertised the town as such: Cool Summers, Mild Winters, No Blizzards, No Negroes.. The first episode had an absolutely chilling scene with the main characters (who wrote for the Green Book) attempting to get out of a sundown county with a sheriff on their tails. A lot of the Californian ones are just plain wrong. Businesses that served Black customers or hired Black employees would be boycotted by the white townspeople, ensuring that Blacks had few, if any, job opportunities in those communities. Ferguson, MO, was a sundown town between 1940 and 1960. Renamed and reincorporated as Hackensack City in 1921. Then check public records to see that no "unenforced" town ordinances exist on paper. that have been ignored for many decades? Reincorporated as a City in 1931. Reincorporated as a Borough in 1948. Why not you find something other than a wikipedia list? Its governor is Phil Murphy. New Towns for America, C. S. Stein treats Radburn, New Jersey; "the Greens" Greenbelt, Maryland, near Washington, DC; Greenhills, Ohio, near Cincinnati; and Greendale, Wisconsin, southwest of Milwaukee, planned towns built by the FDR administration and several other planned communities, all sundown towns, without ever mentioning race. Wright State University is located there, and there's a lot of late-night and early-morning activity around that area among people of all skin colors. Goshen, IN, and La Crosse, WI, discussed on this website, provide examples of places that have done so.

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