Earlier whorls of adult shell with heavy vertical ribs crossed by knobby folds or a strong spiral chord; sides of spire straight or weakly convex in lateral profile; embryonic shell with a single spiral chord on periphery and heavy vertical ribs, but without basal spiral chord (Fig. The lymnaeid fauna of the southeast is particularly depauperate compared to more northern and western regions of the continent. The greatest diversity of genera and species is in the Indo-Australian region. Shell sculptured with fine spiral striations, and in some cases curved axial ribs. We Floridians have so much to be proud of. Hood Ancylid It became increasingly important to provide an identification manual of the freshwater snails of Florida for many reasons. Shell with three whorls. Shell coiled to the right, with the aperture on the right side (Figs. The other three forms, C. limum (Anthony, 1860), C. floridense Call,1866 and C. parthenum Vail, 1979, are exclusively apomictic parthenogens and have been separated on the basis of aperture coloration, embryonic shell coloration, and contour of the outer lip (Vail 1979a). Spiral or costate sculpture usually present. RELATED: Proof of megalodon extinction is in their teeth, scientists say. Some were range extensions for species known to occur in adjacent areas. 11). It should also be remembered that many groups have not been studied sufficiently, and the reader may have material that adds to or contradicts previously recorded information. 198, 205). This pest remains a threat in Florida, Hawaii and the Caribbean. Umbilicus narrow (Figs. Newborn shells white. Spire raised and flat-topped. Shell shaggy with numerous spiral fimbriations that are broken into synchronized tufts. The following key includes all of the species that occur in Florida and some that occur in Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina. Low-dome Physa 55). (Menke, 1839). Maiden Campeloma Identification should conform with all data in the key and with geographic distributions. They're different than the ones found previously. Whorls generally arched. 107, 108). Shell usually elevated, but variable. Umbilicus open. Floridobia mica Thompson, F. G. 1982. Two new species of hydrobiid snails from Florida and Georgia, and a discussion of the biogeography of south Georgia streams. Spurwinkia: Morphology, systematics, and ecology of a new genus of North American marshland Hydrobiidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). The horntail . Embryonic shell with fine vertical ribs and a heavy spiral chord on periphery and two basal spiral chords (Fig. Penis filament black. common name: tree snails of Florida scientific name: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bulimulidae Introduction - Identification - Key to the Bulimulidae of Florida - Selected References Introduction (Back to Top) Many snails are found in trees, but only a few are exclusively arboreal for most or all of their life cycle. (Lea, 1834). A giant African land snail, photographed at a lab in 2014. 146). 135). Shell sculptured with prominent nodes overlapping suture and forming crenulations. Walkerana, 13: 1-108. The VIVIPARINAE is widely distributed throughout Europe, Asia and eastern North America. Miscellaneous Publication of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 6: 1-213. Revista de Biologia Trpical, 51 (supplement): 1-299. Female ovoviviparous with about 50 embryos in uterus; embryos clearly evident through clean shells. Shell elongate-conical, with about 5-7 whorls. Female oviparous, never with embryos in uterus. Graphite Elimia Swallow-tailed kites are spring and summer residents; snail kites are specially adapted to feed on apple snails in Florida freshwater wetlands year 'round. Whorls of spire pointed and scalariform (steplike with nearly flat shoulders and deep sutures). The genus is difficult to diagnose by shell characters because the three species are very dissimilar. (Vail, 1979). Adult shells small, less than 3 mm high; umbilicus closed by the reflected columellar lip; columellar margin of the aperture nearly straight, barely convex (Fig. Elimia dickinsoni 126); accessory crest present on penis. Shell dull. Bugle Sprite 35). Clench, W.J., & R. D. Turner. Recent studies treat amnicolids as a separate families. Three species are known from rivers entering northwest Florida from Georgia and Alabama. As was anticipated, further work on the systematics of the southeastern freshwater snail fauna created the need for subsequent revision in 1999, and for this updated version. Mantle cavity with gill on dorsal surface. Melanoides turricula 93). Fortunately in Florida, the species are relatively easy to distinguish. Penis with a very long slender flagellum that extends beyond terminal lobe. Shell elongate-conical; 10-40 mm long in adult specimens; apex of spire usually eroded; shell with 8-12 whorls although eroded specimens may have fewer; shell usually strongly sculptured with spiral and/or vertical ribs and threads (except in Elimia dickinsoni); central tooth of radula without basal or lateral cusps (Fig. Prominent vertical ribs on middle and upper whorls. (Frauenfeld, 1863). Whorls 3.0-4.0. Spilochlamys gravis Sculpture consisting of fine incremental threads, and spiral striations that may become obsolete at maturity. One species, C. chinensis malleatus (Reeve, 1863) (Fig. Excentric Ancylid Penis with 5-15 papillae along right margin arranged in 1-2 rows (Fig. (Thompson, 1968). Shell unicolor brown, never mottled with reddish spots. Shell with 4.4-5.0 whorls; about 3.7-5.2 mm long. 100). (Thompson, 1968). 75). Our beaches often rank at or near the top in the world. (Lea, 1862). 32). 82). Aphaostracon rhadinus Click on the link in the row that best matches your snail. Shell glossy. Apex nearly straight-sided or concave in outline. 128). The LIOPLACINAE is endemic and include Campeloma, Lioplax, and Tulotoma. 68). Common name: Florida applesnail Taxonomy: available through Identification: This species is the largest freshwater gastropod native to North America (Burch 1982). Lyogyrus retromargo Campeloma floridense Fawn Melania 180-193). One species occurs naturally in Florida, and three others have been introduced. Whorls of spire weakly scalariform, causing the suture to be deeply incised. Malacological Review, 12: 41-49. (This character separates only the genera under consideration; genera from other areas of the world do not conform to this distinction.) Shell with a brownish hue. Axial striations distinct (Fig. Dense Hydrobe (Lea, 1858). 61). Suture more deeply impressed. Penis with a few simple scattered superior tubercles on outer surface; parapical crest on a low ridge; accessory crest and inferior crest absent (Fig. Evolution has occurred through reproductive specialization, with each genus and most species having distinctive patterns of dermal glands. Marsh Rams-horn Penis with a small blade-like flagellum along right margin and a heavy mid-ventral ridge that bears 8-11 narrow transverse dermal glands; other glands present on terminal lobe and flagellum (Figs. 63). 151, 152). Penis with superior tubercles forming a vague broken loop; invaginated cave-like pit absent. The HYDROBIIDAE include over 200 genera and approximately 1000 species. Three other species occur farther north. Teardrop Snail Define Invasive Species: must have ALL of the following -. (Thompson, 1968). Prepared by Fred G. Thompson, Fmr. Suwannee Hydrobe 109a, 109b). Thiarids are ecologically significant because they tend to replace native snails where they are introduced and because of their abundance. (Walker, 1925). Amnicola is a widespread genus in temperate North America. The beaches in Florida are perfect for shelling and beach combing. Conical Siltsnail Apex less than 0.4 times length of shell. 123). (The penis is normally recurved into the mantle cavity, except during mating. Females with live embryos in brood pouch in mantle; males with right eye stalk modified as a penis. Transparent white (Fig. Wekiwa Siltsnail Endemic New World genera occur in Cuba, Jamaica, and northern South America. 17-29). Blue Spring Hydrobe Suture deeply impressed. Giant African Land Snail Identification Sheet - Florida Commissioner of . The snails identified in Pasco County look different from the ones previously seen in Miami-Dade County: Their flesh is creamy white, rather than grayish brown. Dorsl surface of penis with a few elongate superior tubercles that form a weakly defined U-shaped pattern. Aperture relatively large with fine, uneven, serrate denticles along parietal wall (Fig. Marginal teeth of radula trapezoidal with well-differentiated cusps. Floridobia vanhyningi Operculum tightly coiled with four slowly expanding whorls (Figs. The latter are placed in a small container filled with pond water. Spiral angulation on last whorl obsolete or bluntly rounded and forming a shallow sulcus below shoulder of last whorl. Rotund Mysterysnail 137, 139). Outer lip strongly sinuous. MIAMI-DADE, Fla. As if 2020 did not have enough surprises and curveballs, an invasive snail located in the U.S. for the first time was discovered in-- you guessed it, Florida. Fossaria is found throughout North America, and in northern Europe. Physid species have similar and superficially featureless, variable shells, and the shell is imprecise for identifying most genera and many species. Shell elongate conical, spire high. However, this appears to be an over reduction, and several southern species were synonymized that appear worthy of recognition. Mantle diffusely pigmented with melanophores (Fig. Operculum paucispiral, with about three rapidly expanding whorls (Fig. Viviparus georgianus Shell translucent. 16, 29). Shell larger, 2.2-4.8 mm long. dalli (Mihalcik & Thompson, 2002). 89). 76). Aphaostracon monas Parapical crest of verge greatly enlarged. Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822) (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia, Pilidae): A freshwater snail introduced into Florida, U. S. A. Malacological Review, 30:91. Aperture ovate; broadly attached to preceding whorl. The reader will discover how very little we know about any genus occurring in Florida. 1963. 7-9). The . Pomatiopsis lapidaria Last whorl flattened above. Length of shell 3.0-4.0 mm (Fig. Hershler, R. & F. G. Thompson. Others were new taxa not found in earlier surveys. Introduction to the Physidae (Gastropoda, Hydophila): biogeograhy, classification, morphology. Peristome narrow to broadly ovate. Interior of adult aperture with brownish tinge. Only genera that enter fresh water are treated. Rock Fossaria 169, 172). 202, 208). Lioplax pilsbryi pilsbryi Ecology: This large snail is found in freshwater lakes, rivers, streams, ponds and ditches, preferring slow-moving water. Peristome ovate to subcircular. Littoridinops tenuipes Base of shell regularly expanding, not funnel-shaped. 99). Vail, V. A. This is not the first time Florida has dealt with an invasion of giant snails. Elimia annae Shell planispiral, adults large, 35-50 mm (Figs. 38). (Anthony, 1860). Identification of Marine Snails reefdup Identification, Snails July 3, 2020 Cerith, Collonista, Collumbellid, Conch, Limpet, Nassarius, Nerite, Ninja, Pyramidellid, Snail, Stomatella, Turbo, Vermetid 3 Comments Marine snails come in all shapes, sizes, colors, and function, so proper identification is crucial! Elimia floridensis ssp. Peninsula Ancylid Bulletin of the Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-600/3-82-026: i-vi, 1-294. 169). Vertical ribs smooth along the periphery, strongly developed (Fig. Live field samples should be divided into two groups, one to be preserved for shells, the other to be preserved for anatomical specimens. Shell sexually dimorphic in size, males about one-third as long as females. Penis with 7-50 papillae along right margin and 1-4 papillae along distal third of left margin (Figs. Our state park system has won national awards . Incremental striations uniformly weak. Apex subacute, distinctly eccentric to the right of the midline. Shell dark brown. Whorls uniformly rounded, not flattened above (Fig.144). Outer lip of aperture arched forward (Figs. Penis with 3 I 0 small papillae around base and 7-15 papillae along right margin in a single row (Fig. Shell with strong vertical ribs on spire; spiral chords vestigial, confined to spiral series of knobs on top of vertical ribs; adults small, about 13-16 mm long (Fig. Bantam Hydrobe (Pfeiffer, 1839). J. Clench and Ruth P. Turner (1956) published a survey of the fauna from the Suwannee River west to the Escambia River. 66). Sculptured with fine incremental striations and a few fine spiral striations (difficult to distinguish except with transmitted light). Adults 9-15 mm wide (Figs. Alligator Siltsnail 1, 2). 159-161). Spire depressed, much less than height of aperture, occasionally planular (Figs. Mesa Rams-horn Vertical ribs relatively strong and more widely spaced. Mantle mottled with black spots and blotches. In previous editions of the manual species of Floridobia were placed in the genus Cincinnatia. Vas deferens independent of blind caecum and its duct. Marisa cornuaurietus 34, 35). Elimia athearni The radula can be studied by dissecting out the buccal mass and macerating it in clorox or sodium hydroxide. Peristome complete around aperture. This will lead you to the final choice which identifies the snail. 94). Squaremouth Amnicola Apex suppressed to form a nearly flat plane with the peripheral angle (Figs.165-167). The horntail snail belongs to the genus Macrochlamys (family Ariophantidae), which has over a hundred described species distributed from South to Southeast Asia and southern China (Pholyotha et al. Shaggy Ghostsnail Slackwater Elimia Shell medium-sized, 3.0-3.8 mm long; thinner, translucent or transparent in life; tear-shaped; spire raised and nearly straight-sided, pointed; body whorl less conspicuously enlarged, not descending to aperture along last half whorl. Aperture elliptical and loosely attached to or slightly separated from preceding whorl; 4.5-4.9 whorls. Florida Shell Guide. Rather stocky, adult about 15-20 mm long (Fig. 116a, 116b). Narrowly umbilicate. Thick-shelled Hydrobe Newborn young about 3 mm in diameter. Sides of spire straight in lateral profile. Shell sculpture with incremental striations only. 81-83). Elimia floridensis Surface smooth or dented with hammer marks. Shell moderately large, 3.7-4.5 mm long; spire 1.00-1.35 times length of aperture; shell with 4.8-5.4 whorls. Photo: University of Florida. 102a, 102b). Color of fresh shell never milky white. Floridobia wekiwae It matters not that the specimens are stored in 70 percent alcohol after having been fixed in formalin. Aperture widely separated from preceding whorl. (Morelet, 1851). Aperture free from, or only in slight contact with, preceding whorl. Thompson, F. G. 1997. U.S. Florida Invasive species. 1969. (Haldeman, 1841). Outer lip of aperture with a thick callus on inner surface. Outer lip continuously rounded (Figs. Shell light brown and frequently mottled with rust-colored spots that may form a spiral row below the suture. 122). Identifications are difficult in many instances without properly preserved specimens. After a few years in storage glandular tissues in the female reproductive system deteriorate, and the process gradually spreads to destroy all but the terminal genital structures. The shell characters given above for separating the families apply only to Florida species. Inferior crest absent. It should be remembered that it is only a key which emphasizes shell characters. Curator of Malacology Occasionally it may be necessary to turn to other information sources to determine identifications with a greater degree of certainty.. Shell rounded at the periphery (Figs. Operculum with about 6 slowly expanding whorls (Fig. The shells should be rinsed frequently in tap water during the cleaning process to prevent etching by the acid. Overshadowing this genetic divergence are frequent examples of convergent evolution of similar adult shell characters among distantly related species. (Walker, 1908). Penis with large papilla on right margin near base and one or two papillae on left margin near distal end (Figs. File Campeloma Shell minute, 2.4-2.7 mm long; adults with 3.9-4.2 whorls; spire short, 0.8- 1.1 times height of aperture (Fig. Planorbid snails are restricted to fresh water and occur worldwide, being found on all continental landmasses and many oceanic islands. Aperture without serrate denticles on parietal wall. Some shells may be heavily encrusted with mineral deposit and algae, which may obscure details of the sculpture and color. The sexes are separate and fertilization is internal (Andrews, 1964). Whorls rounded, not carinate above; occasionally angular below. The spire differs between bumpy and smooth but it is always elongated. Shell nearly smooth, sculptured with irregularly spaced incremental striations (Figs. Penis with 4-6 papillae along right margin (Fig. 158). 59). 110). Only Elimia is found in Florida. (Vanatta, 1935). Malacological Review, 19: 85-86. Radial riblets on entire surface of shell except apex. The family contains many genera and numerous species in South America, Central America, Mexico, Africa, and Southeast Asia. Gainesville, Florida 32611-7800. Dasyscia franzi 68); lobe and flagellum with various patterns of dermal glands; central tooth of radula with basocones located on reflected margin of tooth (Fig. Weak spiral striations present on top of growth striations (Figs. Shell medium-sized or large; 5.4-7.5 mm long; thick and opaque; ovate or globose; apical whorls depressed; sides of spire rounded; body whorl conspicuously enlarged, ample, rapidly descending to aperture along last half whorl. Shellolive-colored; spire straight-sided. 197, 204). The shell are secondarily useful for identification, but only when supplemented with anatomical information. U-shaped superior crest not enclosing longitudinal crests. Apex very short, only slightly raised above body whorl. Penis without a conspicuously enlarged papilla near right base, although other papillae usually are present. Paper fig A Florida Gulf Coast specialty shell! 14), was introduced into a fishpond in St. Petersburg about 1921 and into lakes in Orlando about 1940. 204-207), often eroded in older specimens. (Thompson, 1968). 15, 18). (Thompson, 2000). In Florida four types of Campeloma have been recognized. Banded Mysterysnail Shell with 5.6-6.8 whorls; about 3.2-4.5 mm long (Fig. Vertical ribs strongly developed, crossed by nearly equal sized spiral threads that form low spines where they cross the ribs, adults about 20-25 mm long (Fig. Sculpture above periphery of whorls consisting of nodes arranged in vertical and spiral rows. Regal Hydrobe Important diagnostic characteristics for subfamilies, genera, and species are found in the female reproductive system, the male reproductive organ (the penis), and modifications of the radular teeth. Mimic Pondsnail They achieve their greatest diversity in genera and species in temperate North America. An invasive snail species known as the giant African land snail has officially been eradicated in the state of Florida after years of attempts and $24 million worth . 153). Adequate preservation begins when the specimens are collected. 3:51. Pseudosuccinea columella Peristome complete around aperture. (Thompson, 2000). Officials in Florida are again battling a highly invasive, extraordinarily destructive giant snail species that also happens to be capable of spreading parasitic worms that invade human brains . Ferrissia mcneilli (Say, 1817). It wasn't until 2021 the population was. Operculum with about 3 whorls (Fig. Last whorl of adult shell smooth or with growth striations, but not with ribs and spiral chords. The Pleuroceridae of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. 173). Haitia bermudezi Subspecies bear the same name as the nominate subspecies, as is consistent with the standard used by the American Fisheries Society for fishes, and by other societies for other classes of animals. GAINESVILLE, Fla., Feb. 26 (UPI) -- University of Florida researchers have confirmed the presence of a deadly parasite in three non-native species of snails that have colonized South Florida. Melanoides tuberculata (Muller) in Florida. 4, 5). This study was a landmark contribution to the malacology of the southeast, and it summarized the known fauna of western Florida. 142). Shell 2.8-3.7 mm long. Creek Siltsnail The Snail Kite uses its slender, curved bill to extract its primary prey, the apple snail, from its shell. Umbilicus closed. The number of subfanilies recognized in the Hydrobiida is unsettled. Waccasassa Elimia (Thompson, 1968). Accessory crest present. Spilochlamys conica Shell globose with a short depressed spire; body whorl ample; umbilicus closed. Spiral sculpture absent. The reappearance of an invasive snail species forced state officials to enact a quarantine order two weeks ago for residents of Florida's Pasco County, an area north of Tampa along the gulf. Sculptured with regularly spaced, fine, incremental threads and spiral striations; spiral striations evident only on base of whorls in some specimens. Shell conical; thin and transparent; 4.0-4.5 strongly arched whorls. Melanoides tuberculata Shell minute, 2.0-2.3 mm long; thin and transparent; spire 0.7-1.1 times length of aperture; flagellum lacking glandular crests. The focus on most investigations was on rivers north of Florida, and little attention was given to the Florida fauna. Fred G. Thompson (1934-2016) Shell usually opaque in adults, with a dark red callus inside the lip (Fig. Thompson, F.G. 1979. 19-21). In the USA, it was first identified in New Orleans in 1939, but now is found in the Gulf Coast states from Florida to Texas, as well as in Puerto Rico and Hawaii. Spire usually about equal to or greater than height of aperture (Figs. Many species are secondarily modified to appear right-handed or pseudo-dextral (FIGS. Essentially identical shells occur repeatedly among unrelated genera and subfamilies. (Thompson, 1968). Umbilicus of shell perforated or broadly open. 72-74). Shell squat, compact, cylindric-conical in shape, thick and opaque. In 2011, a population of the pests was discovered in Miami-Dade County. (Gould, 1841). Operculum loosely coiled, with 3.75 large whorls, the outer one expanding more rapidly than the others (Figs. Shell with prominent ribs and spiral chords on all whorls. Shell generally elliptical in outline. (Linnaeus, 1758). Female ovoviviparous with about 15 large embryos in uterus. Length of shell up to 5 mm. Shell relatively thin. Taylor recognizes twenty-three genera based on the soft anatomy. Aperture relatively ample (Figs. Penis with 3 papillae along right margin (Fig. Channeled Applesnail (Fig. Their siphonal canal is merged with their aperture and called a "siphonal notch". 199). Females with an egg-laying groove or sinus on right side of foot; eggs deposited on substrate. There were no references to cover the entire state. Shell discoidal, grayish-white in color; transparent when fresh. Do not use tap water since copper ions from the plumbing system may contaminate the tap water and kill the snails prematurely. Applesnails are tropical to subtropical organisms and cannot survive below 50F in the winter (Florida DOACS, 2002). Campeloma geniculum Ghost Rams-horn (Thompson, 1968). Umbilicus narrow, deep (Fig. The family attains its greatest diversity in Southeast Asia.
March 14, 2023