2. There, he spent an unknown number of years before his return to Judea and his discovery of the abuses described in chapter 13. Here Paul affirms that the rejection of the Jews did not mean that the promises of God had taken none effect (Romans 9:6), and explains immediately that they are to become effective through spiritual Israel. Any interpretation that fails to give these matters due consideration does violence to the Scriptures. It was Gods design that the whole earth be prepared for the first advent of Christ, even as to-day the way is preparing for His second coming. This page and its content is copyright 2012. They brought forth wild grapes rather than the mature fruit of a Godlike character (Isaiah 5:1-7; cf. Those in Israel who put forth their best efforts to cooperate with the revealed will of God realized, personally, a measure of the benefits He had promised. Foskey, however, is far from a lock to be selected with one of the 31 first-round selections. He played an important role during two momentous periods: (1) under Ahaz, during the war between Syria and Israel (chapters 7-11), and (2) under Hezekiah, during a siege of Jerusalem by Sennacherib chapters 36; 37). As individuals and as a nation God proposed to furnish the people of Israel with every facility for becoming the greatest nation on the earth (see Deuteronomy 4:6-8; 7:6, 14; 28:1; Jeremiah 33:9; Malachi 3:12). Those who think that chapter 52 was added as an inspired postscript by Jeremiahs secretary or one of his disciples, believe that he died some 20 years earlier, about 580 B.C. For example, the judgment that came upon Sodom and Gomorrah, literal cities of the ancient past, is used by Bible writers as descriptive of the judgment God will eventually bring upon all the world. Isaiah and Jeremiahs preaching against false idols and false prophets, mutual oppressions between nations, and against general injustice remains timely. Acts 13:22). chapter 11:18). Remember thatgenerally speakingit was originally given with respect to the historical circumstances that called it forth. The house of God in Jerusalem would eventually be called an house of prayer for all people (chapter 56:7), and many people and strong nations would come to seek the Lord of hosts in Jerusalem, and to pray before Him in that day and be His people (Zechariah 8:22; 2:11). Aha was used as an expression of malicious joy. Feebleness and disease were to disappear entirely from Israel as the result of strict adherence to healthful principles (see Exodus 15:26; Deuteronomy 7:13, 15; etc.). As the people cooperated with the directions God gave them in regard to the culture of the soil, the land would gradually be restored to Edenic fertility and beauty (Isaiah 51:3). Those nations that rejected the worship and service of the true God, were to be dispossessed, and Israel would inherit the Gentiles chapter (54:3). Had Jerusalem known what it was her privilege to know, and heeded the light that Heaven sent her, she would have stood forth in magnificent prosperity, the queen of kingdoms, the mighty metropolis of the earth, and would, like a noble vine, have filled the face of the world with fruit (Isaiah 27:6). Since the hostile acts of the heathen peoples committed against Judah (chapter 3:4 ff.) Psalms 68:31. Though, on the whole, literal Israel failed to realize her exalted destiny, the chosen race did make a worth-while, though imperfect, contribution to the preparation of the world for the first advent of the Messiah (see on Matthew 2:1). The 7th-century view.This view holds that Joels ministry seems to fit into the early years of Josiah, when Assyrian power was nearing its end and Babylon was still a weak kingdom. Yet in mercy, God still bore with His people, and in due time Messiah came (Malachi 3:1-3). From generation to generation these holy men of God (2 Peter 1:21) called Israel to repentance and righteousness and kept alive the Messianic hope. Thus. But with regards to how Jeremiah died, the Scriptures leave no record. Spiritual prosperity was to prepare the way for material prosperity. Though the prophet looked at events about him, he also could see far beyond his own day. did Isaiah primarily live? It was therefore not alone unto themselves and to their contemporaries that the prophets ministered, but also to all sincere men and women of later generations (1 Peter 1:12). The completeness and finality of this rejection is evident from chapter 8:19, 20: As the nations which the Lord destroyeth before your face, so shall ye perish; because ye would not be obedient unto the voice of the Lord your God. The rejection of Jesus by the leaders of Israel (cf. On the other hand, the destruction of Nineveh is described as an event still future (chapter 3:7). He is the same yesterday, and to day, and for ever (Hebrews 13:8). It was to be the result of wholehearted cooperation with the will of God as revealed through the prophets, and of divine blessing added to human efforts. They would send messengers to Israel with the declaration, We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you (Zechariah 8:23). The various abuses rebuked by Malachi are mostly the same as those Nehemiah found when he returned to Jerusalem for his second term of governorship (Malachi 3:8, 9; cf. WebThe major prophets are Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, and the other twelve (Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi) are minor. Theoretically, the word minor signifies not lesser moral or religious or literary stature but only lesser length. 2. Only when its leaders formally rejected the Messiah and declared before Pilate their allegiance to no king but Caesar (John 19:15) did Israel as a nation irrevocably withdraw from the covenant relationship and the theocracy. Jeremiah 32:17 highlights this point by stating, "O Sovereign Lord! Isaiah was best known as the Hebrew prophet who predicted the coming of Jesus Christ to salvage mankind from sin. They were to be far in advance of other nations in wisdom and understanding. Shortly after this event he once more rose to a high position of honor and responsibility in the newly formed Persian Empire (chapter 6). Hence the year 571/70 must not be considered as necessarily marking the end of his ministry. Peter concurs, saying, Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter of persons, for in every nation he that feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is accepted with him (Acts 10:34, 35; cf. But when the Jews rejected Christ there was no such assurance of reinstatement. 7. The state was still to be administered in the name, and by the authority, of God. It is possible that Hebrews 11:37 refers to this event. The modernist school of interpretation denies the predictive element in prophecy altogether, arguing either that the predictions were written down after the events thus foretold took place or that such predictions reflected nothing more than the prophets hopes for the future, or those of his people. Any redistribution or reproduction of part or all of the contents in any form is prohibited other than the following: You may print or download to a local hard disk extracts for your personal use only. This leaves Ezekiel with a ministry of at least 22 years, from 593/92 to 571/70. Isaiah was a prophet of the southern kingdom, living in a critical period of his nation. His call came to him sometime in October/November, 520 B.C., in the same year as Haggais first appearance (chapter 1:1). This form literally means that the stretching of the heavens was completed or finished some time ago. They voluntarily accepted God as their sovereign, and this constituted the nation a theocracy. (27-3) Ezekiel 25:3. All who have faith in Christ are one in Him, and, as a the spiritual seed of Abraham, are heirs according to the promise (Galatians 3:9, 28, 29). Yet not The following brief summaries contain the evidence on which the various prophets have been entered in the chronological positions in which they are found in the chart. Along with his contemporary, the prophet Micah, Isaiah served the southern kingdom of Judah under the reigns of four kings. But Judah failed to learn the lesson, and a little more than a century later her apostasy, also, was complete (see Jeremiah 22:6, 8, 9; Ezekiel 16:37; 7:2-15; 12:3-28; 36:18-23). Accordingly, what He purposed to do for the world through Israel of old He will finally accomplish through His church on earth today, and many of the promises originally made to literal Israel will be fulfilled to His remnant people at the close of time. Skill in agriculture and animal husbandry. Far from becoming the light of the world, the Jews shut themselves away from the world as a safeguard against being seduced into idolatry (see Deuteronomy 11:26, 27; cf. seem to refer to those recorded in 2 Kings 8:20-22 and 2 Chronicles 21:8-10, 16, while nothing points to the troubles caused by Hazael, as narrated in 2 Kings 12:17, 18 and 2 Chronicles 24:23, 24, it has been concluded that Joel gave his messages during the time lying between these two events. 4:14; Colossians 2:2-4, 8; 2 Peter 1:16; Revelation 22:18). The sixteen prophetsIsaiah to Malachiwhose writings have come down to us lived during four centuries, from about 800 to 400 B.C. A Nebuchadnezzar 59 Q (This rule does not apply to those portions of the book of Daniel that the prophet was bidden to shut up and seal, or to other passages whose application Inspiration may have limited exclusively to our own time.). The material advantages that Israel enjoyed were designed to arrest the attention and catch the interest of the heathen, for whom the less obvious spiritual advantages had no natural attraction. For a short time during his reign Assyria turned from its polytheistic religion to a kind of monotheistic Nabu worship. There is no surer protection against the speculative vagaries of religious visionaries than a clear knowledge of the historical context of Scripture. Furthermore, the rise of the Chaldeans and their invasion of the West is predicted, but this seemed at that time completely incredible (chapter 1:5-7). You may not distribute or commercially use the content on any other website or other form of electronic retrieval system. Several prophecies followed a few months later (Zechariah 1:7 to 6:15). Between the first invasion of Nebuchadnezzar in 605 B.C. It was probably at this time, when Daniel was nearly 90 years of age, that he was commanded to conclude his book and seal it up (chapter 12:4, 13). Dead sea scrolls. According to this view, Jeremiah said, in effect, that Jerusalem would be deserted for about 70 years, about the length of a persons life. As the nations of antiquity should behold Israels unprecedented progress, their attention and interest would be aroused. The Bible contains more information about his life and times than any other prophet. To the very last, Christ would have averted the doom of the Jewish nation if the people had received Him. The consecutive order of the book of Haggai would indicate that his whole recorded ministry lasted not longer than 31/2 months, beginning (chapter 1:1) on August 29, 520 B.C., and extending, in his last two recorded speeches (chapter 2:10, 20), to December 18, 520. It was His purpose to set them on high above all nations of the earth (Deuteronomy 28:1), with the result that all people of the earth would recognize their superiority and call them blessed (Malachi 3:10, 12). In one way or another each of these attempts at interpreting the messages of the Old Testament prophets neglects significant teachings of Scripture, evades fundamental principles of exegesis, and provides a distorted picture of the predictive sections of prophecy. Jeremiah lived afterwards during a time leading up to the carrying away of the southern two tribes of Judah into bondage in Babylon. The prophet Zephaniah traces his genealogy back to an important personage by the name of Hizkiah, probably King Hezekiah (the names are the same in Hebrew) of Judah. If the nation had been faithful to its trust and had appreciated the high destiny reserved for it by God, the whole earth would have awaited the coming of the Messiah with eager expectancy. Captivity, he said, had confirmed the curse that came because of disobedience (verses 11, 12) and Jerusalem lay desolate (verses 16-19). Salvation was to be of the Jews, in that the Messiah would be a Jew (John 4:22), and by the Jews, as messengers of salvation to all men (Genesis 12:2, 3; 22:18; Isaiah 42:1, 6; 43:10; Galatians 3:8, 16, 18). They were written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world are come (1 Corinthians 10:11). The profound conviction that the messages of the prophets had been fulfilled led many to believe in Christ as the Son of God. Encouraging Hezekiah and the people through his own trust in God, he was instrumental in saving Jerusalem. Malachi 3:12), and their God the only true God (Isaiah 45:14). One needs to keep these in mind to better understand the heart of Isaiah's message. It is certain, however, that he lived and labored in the southern kingdom, and that his main prophecy dealt with Assyria in general and Nineveh in particular. The prophet was a citizen of Judah, but delivered messages to the kingdom of Israel as well. What Is the Significance of the Interjection Aha? 1 Peter 2:9, 10). When Messiah came, His own people, the Jews, received him not (John 1:11). Hence, he seems to have labored at a time before Assyria played a role in Palestinian affairs. God placed His people in Palestine, the crossroads of the ancient world, and provided them with every facility for becoming the greatest nation on the face of the earth. The modernist school of interpretation bases its position on the a priori assumption that any knowledge of the future is impossible, and ignores all evidence to the contrary. This situation fits best the time prior to the rise of the Chaldean Empire under Nabopolassar, who began to reign in 626/25 B.C., and who, with the Medes, was responsible for the destruction of Assyria. All rights reserved. He says specifically that by Jew he does not mean a literal Jew but one converted at heart, whether he be Jew or Gentile (chapter 2:28, 29). According to His beneficent purpose, the covenant promises were to have met fulfillment in large measure during the centuries following the return of the Israelites from the lands of their captivity. That some of the words he uses are also found in Jeremiah (Obadiah 1, 3, 4; cf. 9:129) This verse first His work is characterized by skill in the use of language, a well-balanced syntax, and a lively and impressive poetry. Another reason to trust God is there is nothing too complicated for Him. This fact weakens the arguments for such a late date. The kingdom was overturned (Ezekiel 21:25-32) and the people removed from the land, which had been theirs only by virtue of the covenant relationship (Hosea 9:3, 15, Micah 2:10; cf. What is fascinating is that the prophets Isaiah, Amos, Hosea, and Micah were all contemporaries. During the reign of Zedekiah, Judahs last king, Jeremiah was thrown into prison, being considered a traitor to his country (chapter 37:11-16) because he advised his people to surrender to the Babylonians. Without this, the people of Israel would not qualify to receive the material blessings God designed to bestow upon them. All this leads to the conclusion that Micah prophesied from about 740 to about 700 B.C.
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